第一周复习重点
利益相关者的定义和分类(Definition and Classification of Stakeholders)
利益相关者定义(Definition of Stakeholder):
利益相关者是指对系统或项目有影响或受其影响的所有个体或组织(A stakeholder is any individual or organization that can affect or is affected by the system or project)。
利益相关者分类及描述(Classification and Description of Stakeholders):
- 供应商(Suppliers):
- 提供系统或项目所需资源、工具或服务的实体(Entities that provide the resources, tools, or services needed for the system or project)。
- 开发者(Developers):
- 负责系统或项目的设计、开发、测试和维护的人员(Individuals responsible for designing, developing, testing, and maintaining the system or project)。
- 最终用户(End Users):
- 实际使用系统或项目的人员或群体(Individuals or groups who will actually use the system or project)。
用户与参与者的定义区别(Difference between User and Actor)
用户定义(Definition of User):
用户是指最终使用系统的个体(A user is an individual who ultimately uses the system)。
参与者定义(Definition of Actor):
参与者是指在系统中执行特定角色的实体,通常在UML中涉及(An actor is an entity that performs a specific role within the system, typically used in UML)。
区别(Difference):
- 用户可以是参与者,但参与者不仅限于用户,还可以是外部系统或其他非人类实体(Users can be actors, but actors are not limited to users; they can also be external systems or other non-human entities)。
用户故事编写示例和组成部分(How to Write User Stories and Their Components)
用户故事定义(Definition of User Story):
用户故事用于描述一项工作如何为客户提供特定的价值(A user story articulates how a piece of work will deliver a particular value back to the customer)。
用户故事组成部分(Components of User Story):
- 角色(Role):执行操作的角色(The role performing the action)。
- 功能(Functionality):所需的功能(The functionality required)。
- 业务价值(Business Value):实现功能的业务价值(The business value achieved by the functionality)。